Efectividad del tratamiento médico con misoprostol en pacientes con aborto incompleto que acudieron al Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo: enero-diciembre 2012 / Effectiveness of medical treatment with misoprostol in patients with incomplete abortion attended at the National Hospital Dos de Mayo: january-december 2012

El presente trabajo de investigación surge a raíz de la resistencia, temor y la falta de compromiso del personal médico del HNDM (Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo) para incorporar el Misoprostol como primera alternativa en el tratamiento del aborto incompleto precoz, esto quizás por el miedo a las complicaciones y por ende a los problemas médico legales a pesar de que existen varias revisiones sistemáticas quienes demuestran fehacientemente la efectividad del Misoprostol en el tratamiento del aborto incompleto precoz. Este trabajo de investigación es mediante un estudio Descriptivo, Transversal y retrospectivo el cual nos permitirá demostrar una vez más la efectividad y beneficios del Misoprostol en pacientes que acudieron al HNDM y que fueron diagnosticados de aborto incompleto y recibieron tratamiento médico con Misoprostol en relación al Tx quirúrgico, esto permitirá motivar al personal de salud del HNDM a incorporar al Misoprostol como tratamiento de primera línea en el aborto incompleto precoz. El número total de abortos en general en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo en el periodo de Enero a Diciembre del 2012 fue 496 de los cuales 322 (65 por ciento) fueron aborto incompleto que cumplían los criterios para el TX médico, y solo 111 (34 por ciento) recibieron tratamiento médico con misoprostol 600 mcg vía oral en dosis única y 153 (48 por ciento) termino en AMEU y 58 (18 por ciento) en EBA más LU. El servicio de Gineco Obstetricia del HNDM cuenta con 28 Gíneco Obstetras de los cuales solo 12 (43 por ciento) realiza tratamiento médico con misoprostol y 16 (57 por ciento) tratamiento quirúrgico (AMEU-LU) a pacientes con aborto incompleto que cumplen los criterios para TX médico, siendo las principales causas: resistencia al cambio 56 por ciento, temor a las complicaciones 31 por ciento y falta de capacitación 13 por ciento. De un total de 111 HCL con abortos incompletos que reciben tratamiento médico con misoprostol el 78 por ciento son menores de 30 años y el...

The present research stems from the resistance, fear and lack of commitment HNDM medical staff to incorporate Misoprostol as first aIternate in the earIy treatment of incompIete abortion, that perhaps the fear of compIications and hence medico-legal probIems even though there are several systematic reviews who clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of MisoprostoI in the treatment of earIy incomplete abortion. This research is a descriptive, transversal and retrospective which will allow us to further demonstrate the effectiveness of Misoprostol in patients attending the HNDM and who were diagnosed with incomplete abortion with Misoprostol received medical treatment, this will allow us to motivate the HNDM health staff to incorporate the Misoprostol as first line treatment of incomplete abortion in earIy. The total number of abortions in general in the National Hospital Dos de Mayo in the period from January to December 2012 was 496 of which 322 (65 per cent) were incomplete abortion that met the criteria for the TX doctor, and only 111 (34 per cent) received medical treatment with Misoprostol 600 mcg orally in a single dose and 153 (48 per cent) ended in MV A and 58 (18 per cent) in aduIt education more LV The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the HNDM account with 28 Ob/gyns of which only 12 (43 per cent) performs medical treatment with Misoprostol and 16 (57 per cent) TX in surgical patients with incomplete abortion that meet the criteria for TX doctor, being the main causes: resistance to change 56 per cent, fear of complications 31 per cent and lack of training 13 per cent. A total of 111 HCL with incomplete abortions that receive medical treatment with Misoprostol 78 per cent are under 30 years of age and 39 per cent and 33 per cent come from the District of Lima and Victory respectively, 52 per cent have full high school education and 31 per cent complete primary school, on the other hand, the 41 per cent are housewife and 53 per cent merchant...

Evaluation of Misoprostol in the Medical Management of Abortion.

The present study was carried out to compare the safety and efficacy of Misoprostol with Surgical Evacuation in the management of abortion. 100 women as specified by the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited for this prospective observational study. 50 subjects (Group A) were managed medically by Misoprostol and 50 subjects (Group B) underwent Surgical Evacuation. Clinical outcome, time taken for expulsion, number of doses required, mean duration of hospital stay, mean analgesic requirement, mean blood loss and side effects were compared between the two groups. It was concluded that vaginal administration of Misoprostol is a safe, effective and cheap alternative to surgical evacuation. No serious adverse effects were observed with Misoprostol.

Aspiração manual intrauterina no tratamento do abortamento incompleto até 12 semanas gestacionais: uma alternativa à curetagem uterina / Manual vacuum aspiration uterine treatment of incomplete abortion to 12 gestational weeks: an alternative to curettage

OBJETIVO: Analisar a eficácia e a ocorrência de complicações, além do tempo de permanência hospitalar e as perdas sanguíneas. MÉTODOS: Trinta pacientes foram selecionadas, alternada e consecutivamente, em um dos grupos (15 no Grupo Curetagem e 15 no Grupo de Aspiração manual intrauterina). As variáveis analisadas foram: eficácia do método, ocorrência de complicações, tempo pré-procedimento, tempo de execução do procedimento, tempo pós-procedimento e tempo total de permanência hospitalar, além de hematócrito e hemoglobina, medidas antes e após o procedimento. As pacientes foram avaliadas clinicamente 10 a 14 dias após o procedimento. Para a análise estatística, foram aplicados testes paramétricos e não-paramétricos e o nível de significância admitido foi de p>0,05. RESULTADOS: Ambos os métodos foram eficazes e não foi registrada nenhuma complicação. As perdas sanguíneas foram semelhantes e o tempo de permanência hospitalar foi significativamente menor no Grupo de Aspiração Manual Intrauterina (p=0,03). CONCLUSÃO: a aspiração manual intrauterina é tão eficaz e segura quanto à curetagem uterina, com a vantagem de necessitar menor tempo de permanência hospitalar, o que aumenta a resolutividade do método, melhorando a qualidade da assistência a essas pacientes.

PURPOSE: To analyze the effectiveness and occurrence of complications, in addition to hospitalization time and blood losses. METHODS: Thirty patients were assigned alternatively and consecutively to one of two groups (15 to the Curettage Group and 15 to the Manual Vacuum Aspiration Group). The following variables were analyzed: effectiveness of the method, occurrence of complications, time before the procedure, time of execution of the procedure, time after the procedure, and total time of hospital permanence, in addition to hematocrit and hemoglobin, which were measured before and after the procedure. Patients were evaluated clinically 10 to 14 days after the procedure. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used for statistical analysis, with the level of significance set at p>0.05. RESULTS: Both methods were efficient and no complications were recorded. Blood losses were similar in the two groups, but the hospitalization time was significantly shorter for the Manual Vacuum Aspiration Group (p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Manual vacuum aspiration is as efficient and safe as uterine curettage, with the advantage of requiring shorter hospitalization, which increases the resolution of the method, improving the quality of care for these patients.

Outcome of conservative and surgical methods in the management of early incomplete abortions

Abortions are the most common complications of pregnancy. This study was conducted to figure out primary outcomes of surgical and conservative management of incomplete abortions in early pregnancy. This study was carried out in Mousavi and Vali Asr hospitals of Zanjan in 2008-2009. 48 women with incomplete abortions were divided into two groups based on their own preferences: conservative management [n=25] and surgical management [n=23]. In the conservative group, the patients were granted with a two-week interval for spontaneous resolution and then a sonoghraphy was performed. In the surgical group curettage was done and after two weeks patients were visited. In both groups, we compared satisfaction, time taken to do normal activities, bleeding days, pelvic pain and the need for follow up care after two weeks. In the conservative group, spontaneous resolution occurred in 19 patients [76%] after two weeks. In this group satisfaction was higher and time taken to return to the normal activities was shorter than the surgical group, but bleeding days was longer in the conservative group and more patients needed follow up care after 2 weeks. There was no significant difference in pelvic pain between two groups. Conservative management is a superior alternative method in the management of incomplete abortions in early pregnancy. However, further researches are necessary in order to attribute these results to all patients

[Sonographic Evaluation of the abortion-Induced Curettages in Imam Hossien Medical Center during 1380-1383]

Pregnancies ended in abortion are among the most common causes of visits to Gynecology clinics. Ultrasonography is an easy, accessible and cost-benefit modality to diagnos cases of abortions. It also differentiates abortion from other causes of first-trimester bleeding. It helps to select the best therapeutic approach particularly the necessity of performing curettage. A descriptive study was conducted on 159 patients presenting to Imam Hossien Medical Center during the years 1380 to 1383. Data were collected from files of patients which were sampled non-randomly. The mean age of patients was 28.1 [ +/- 5.1]. Abortion was mostly observed in patients between 20-30 years of age; Sixty nine percent of abortions were in weeks <12, and 31% were in weeks 12-20; Most patients [37.7%] had gravid 1. The most common sign was spotting; Mean pregnancy duration was 10 [ +/- 2.2] weeks. Incomplete abortion was the most common form. 11 cases of Hydatidiform mole were found, one resulted in Choriocarcinoma. Subchorionic hemorrhage was seen in 87% of patients in the weeks between 10-20. Live fetuses were seen in 10 cases in which the presence of heart beat indicated continuing of pregnancy in 90% of cases. According to the prevalence of Incomplete Abortions in this study, sonographic findings were important in performing curettage. The difference between age of occurrence of Hydatidiform mole from that in the literature and the role of subchorionic hemorrhage in cases ended in abortion is recommended to reevaluate in the future studies

Prevalence of uterine synechia after abortion evacuation curettage

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a possible complication of uterine curettage following abortion. Because IUA is an important cause of infertility, some investigators have been advocating its inclusion in the routine investigational workup after every abortion curettage procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the uterine cavity of patients subjected to abortion curettage, in order to ascertain the prevalence of IUA and its association with social and clinical factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study at the Human Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). METHODS: A total of 109 women were enrolled. The investigators searched the records of Unicamp's hospital for patients who had been subjected to uterine curettage following abortion. The hysteroscopy was performed 3 to 12 months after the curettage. The correlations between patients' characteristics and the prevalence of IUA were assessed by means of chi-squared and Fisher's exact test calculations. RESULTS: The prevalence of IUA was 37.6 percent. The number of previous abortions and curettage procedures did not correlate with the presence of IUA. Most of the women (56.1 percent) presented IUA grade I. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, 37.6 percent of the women subjected to curettage following abortion had IUA, which was mostly mucous and grade I. None of the demographic and clinic characteristics evaluated were found to be associated with IUA. From this study, there is no firm evidence to justify carrying out routine diagnostic hysteroscopy following abortion evacuation.

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: As sinéquias uterinas são complicações que podem ocorrer após curetagem uterina por aborto. Como se trata de causa importante de infertilidade, muitos autores têm indicado uma investigação rotineira após curetagens uterinas por aborto. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a cavidade uterina de pacientes submetidas a curetagem após aborto para detectar a prevalência das sinéquias e a possível associação com alguns fatores sociais e clínicos. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo de corte transversal, realizado na Unidade de Reprodução Humana do Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). MÉTODOS: 109 mulheres foram submetidas a histeroscopia diagnóstica ambulatorial 3 a 12 meses após curetagem por aborto. Dados clínicos foram obtidos dos prontuários médicos. As correlações entre as características clínicas e a prevalência de sinéquias uterinas foram testadas através do cálculo do qui-quadrado e do teste exato de Fisher. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de sinéquias foi de 37,6 por cento. O número de abortos anteriores e de curetagens não se correlacionou com a presença de sinéquias. A maioria das mulheres (56,1 por cento) apresentou sinéquias grau I. CONCLUSÕES: Neste estudo, 37,6 por cento das mulheres submetidas a curetagem por aborto apresentaram sinéquias, a maioria delas do tipo mucoso e de grau I. Nenhuma das características clínicas e demográficas avaliadas associou-se às sinéquias. Os resultados deste estudo não autorizam indicação rotineira de histeroscopia diagnóstica em pacientes submetidas a curetagem uterina por aborto.

Tratamento do abortamento incompleto por aspiração manual ou curetagem / Comparative study of manual vacuum aspiration and uterine curettage for treatment of abortion

OBJETIVOS: Comparar aspiração manual intra-uterina (AMIU) com curetagem uterina (D&C) em abortamentos no primeiro trimestre no que se refere a eficiência para eliminar restos ovulares do método de aspiração manual intra-uterina com a dilatação e curetagem, ocorrência de complicações (perfuração uterina, laceração cervical, hemorragia pós-tratamento), tempo duração dos procedimentos e tempo de internação das pacientes. MÉTODOS: Cinqüenta pacientes no grupo AMIU e 50 pacientes no grupo D&C foram incluídas prospectivamente de maneira aleatória. Critérios de inclusão: abortamento espontâneo, idade gestacional de até 13 semanas, colo pérvio, espessura endometrial maior que 15 mm, estado afebril, hemoglobina superior a 10 g/dl. Amostras sangüíneas foram colhidas antes e após os procedimentos cirúrgicos para controle dos níveis de hemoglobina; anestesia foi realizada em todos os casos. O tempo para realização de cada procedimento cirúrgico foi cronometrado. RESULTADOS: Os grupos eram semelhantes quanto à idade gestacional (9,93±2,40; 9,73±2,58, p 0,71), espessura endometrial antes da cirurgia (22,14±4,80; 22,68±5,68, p 0,65). Não foram observadas complicações cirúrgicas ou anestésicas em nenhum grupo. Os tempos de realização do procedimento e internação foram significativamente menores nas pacientes do grupo AMIU (3,71; 10,18 min, p < 0,001) (14,18; 23,06 h, p 0,03). O decréscimo nos níveis de hemoglobina após o procedimento cirúrgico foi maior no grupo D&C (p= 0,02). CONCLUSÃO: A AMIU possibilita menor perda sangüínea, requer menor tempo de realização do procedimento e menor tempo de internação hospitalar. Entretanto, ambos os procedimentos cirúrgicos mostraram-se eficientes para o tratamento de abortamentos incompletos no primeiro trimestre da gestação, não havendo complicações após a realização dos tratamentos.

OBJECTIVES: To compare manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) and uterine curettage (D&C) for first trimester abortions, in terms of the efficiency of eliminating ovular remnants, frequency of complications, duration of the procedure, and duration of patients' hospitalization. METHODS: In a prospective study, 50 patients in the MVA group and 50 in the D&C group were randomly included. Inclusion criteria were: spontaneous abortion, gestational age less than 13 weeks, patent cervix, endometrial thickness >15 mm, afebrile state, and hemoglobin >10 g/dl. Blood samples were collected before and after surgical procedures for control of hemoglobin levels. Anesthesia was performed in all cases. The time required for each surgical procedure was recorded. RESULTS: Groups were similar regarding gestational age (9.93 ± 2.40 vs 9.73 ± 2.58 weeks; p = 0.71) and endometrial thickness before surgery (22.14 ± 4.80 vs 22.68 ± 5.68 mm; p = 0.65). There were no surgical or anesthetic complications in either group. Durations of the procedure and of hospitalization were significantly shorter in the MVA group (3.71 vs 10.18 min, p < 0.001, and 14.18 vs 23.06 h, p = 0.03, respectively). Decrease of hemoglobin levels was greater after the surgical procedure in the D&C group (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: MVA caused less blood loss, was less time consuming, and resulted in shorter hospitalization. However, both surgical procedures were found to be efficient for treatment of incomplete abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy, with no complications after both treatments.